International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics
Volume 56, Issue 2 , Pages 342-347 , 1 June 2003

Elective nodal failures are uncommon in medically inoperable patients with Stage I non–small-cell lung carcinoma treated with limited radiotherapy fields

  • Jeffrey D Bradley, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiation Oncology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests to: Jeffrey D. Bradley, M.D., Radiation Oncology Center, Washington University Medical Center, 4939 Children’s Pl., Ste. 5500, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. Tel: (314) 362-8525; Fax: (314) 362-8521;
    • ,
  • Sasha Wahab, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiation Oncology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
    • ,
  • Mary Ann Lockett, M.B.A.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiation Oncology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
    • ,
  • Carlos A Perez, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiation Oncology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
    • ,
  • James A Purdy, Ph.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiation Oncology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA

Received 20 September 2002 ,Revised 10 December 2002 ,Accepted 13 December 2002.

References 

  1. Martini N, Beattie JJ. Results of surgical treatment in stage I lung cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1977;74:499–505
  2. Naruke T, Goya T, Tsuchiya R, et al.  Prognosis and survival in resected lung carcinoma based on the new international staging system. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1988;96:440–447
  3. Ginsberg RJ, Rubinstein LV. Randomized trial of lobectomy versus limited resection for T1 non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg. 1995;60:615–622
  4. Haffty BG, Goldberg NB, Gerstley J. Results of radical radiation therapy in clinical stage I, technically operable non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1988;15:69–73
  5. Zhang HX, Yin WB, Zhang LJ, et al.  Curative radiotherapy of early operable non-small cell lung cancer. Radiother Oncol. 1989;14:89–94
  6. Dosoretz DE, Galmarini D, Rubenstein JH, et al.  Local control in medically inoperable lung cancer (An analysis of its importance in outcome and factors determining the probability of tumor eradication). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1993;27:507–516
  7. Krol ADG, Aussems P, Noorduk V, et al.  Local irradiation alone for peripheral stage I lung cancer (Could we omit the elective regional nodal irradiation). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1996;34:297–302
  8. Slotman BJ, Antonisse IE, Njo KH. Limited field irradiation in early stage (T1-2N0) non-small cell lung cancer. Radiother Oncol. 1996;41:41–44
  9. Sibley GS, Jamieson TA, Marks LB, et al.  Radiotherapy alone for medically inoperable stage I non-small cell lung cancer (The Duke experience). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1998;40:149–154
  10. Hayakawa K, Mitsuhashi N, Saito Y, et al.  Limited field irradiation for medically inoperable patients with peripheral stage I non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer. 1999;26:137–142
  11. Kaplan M, Feinstein A. The importance of classifying initial co-morbidity in evaluating the outcome of diabetes mellitus. J Chron Dis. 1974;53:457–481
  12. Piccirillo J, Creech C. Inclusion of comorbidity into oncology data registries. J Reg Mgmt. 1999;26:66–70
  13. Dixon W. BMDP statistical software. Los Angeles: University of California Press; 1988;
  14. Kaplan EL, Meier P. Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. J Am Stat Assoc. 1958;53:457–481
  15. Mantel N. Evaluation of survival data and two new rank order statistics arising in its consideration. Cancer Chemother Rep. 1966;50:163–170
  16. Cox D. Regression models and life tables. J Stat Soc. 1972;34(Series B):187–220
  17. Rosenzweig KE, Sim SE, Mychalczak B, et al. Elective nodal irradiation in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer with three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001;50:681–685
  18. Arita T, Kuramitsu T. Bronchogenic carcinoma (Incidence of metastases to normal sized lymph nodes). Thorax. 1995;50:1267–1269
  19. DeLeyn PR, Vansteenkiste JF. Role of cervical mediastinoscopy in staging of non-small cell lung cancer without enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes on CT scan. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 1997;12:706–712
  20. Tahara RW, Lackner RP. Is there a role for mediastinoscopy in patients with peripheral T1 lung cancers?. Am J Surg. 2000;180:488–491
  21. Noordijk EM, Poest Clement EVD, Wever AMJ, et al.  Radiotherapy as an alternative to surgery in elderly patients with resectable lung cancer. Radiother Oncol. 1988;13:83–89
  22. Kaskowitz L, Graham MV, Emami B, et al.  Radiation therapy alone for stage I non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1993;27:517–523
  23. Graham PH, Gebski VJ, Langlands AO. Radical radiotherapy for early nonsmall cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1995;31:261–266
  24. Werner-Wasik M, Xiao Y, Pequignot E, et al.  Assessment of lung cancer response after nonoperative therapy (tumor diameter, bidimensional product, and volume: A serial CT scan-based study). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2001;51:56–61
  25. Rosenzweig KE, Hanley J, Mah D, et al.  The deep inspiration breath-hold technique in the treatment of inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000;48:81–87
  26. Wong JW, Sharpe MB, Jaffray DA, et al.  The use of active breathing control (ABC) to reduce margin for breathing motion. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1999;44:911–919
  27. Mah D, Hanley J, Rosenzweig KE, et al.  Technical aspects of the deep inspiration breath-hold technique in the treatment of thoracic cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000;48:1175–1185
  28. Barnes EA, Murray BR, Robinson DM, et al.  Dosimetric evaluation of lung tumor immobilization using breath hold at deep inspiration. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2001;15:1091–1098
  29. Stevens CW, Munden RF, Forster KM, et al.  Respiratory-driven lung tumor motion is independent of tumor size, tumor location, and pulmonary function. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2001;51:52–68
  30. Low DA, Bradley JD, Dempsey JF, et al.  A method for the four-dimensional measurement of normal and cancerous lung during free breathing. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002;54:199; [Abstract]
  31. Graham MV, Jain NL, Kahn MG, et al.  Validation and clinical usefulness of an objective plan evaluation model in the three-dimensional treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1993;27(Suppl. 1):240; [Abstract]
  32. Dosoretz DE, Katin MJ, Blitzer PH, et al.  Medically inoperable lung carcinoma (The role of radiation therapy). Semin Radiat Oncol. 1996;6:98–104
  33. Hayman JA, Martel MK, Ten Haken RK, et al.  Dose escalation in non-small-cell lung cancer using three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (Update of a phase I trial). J Clin Oncol. 2001;19:127–136
  34. Graham MV, Winter K, Purdy JA, et al.  Preliminary results of a Radiation Therapy Oncology Group trial (RTOG 9311), a phase I/II dose escalation study using three dimensional conformal radiation therapy in patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2001;51:19–20

PII: S0360-3016(02)04614-X

doi: 10.1016/S0360-3016(02)04614-X

International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics
Volume 56, Issue 2 , Pages 342-347 , 1 June 2003

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution