International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics
Volume 74, Issue 2 , Pages 404-411 , 1 June 2009

Recognizing False Biochemical Failure Calls After Radiation With or Without Neo-Adjuvant Androgen Deprivation for Prostate Cancer

  • James W. Denham, M.D., FRANZCR.

      Affiliations

    • School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests to: Prof. James W. Denham, Calvary Mater Newcastle, Locked Bag 7, Hunter Region Mail Centre New South Wales 2310 Australia. Tel: (+61) 2-4921-1174; Fax: (+61) 2-4921-1465
    • ,
  • Mahesh Kumar, FRANZCR.

      Affiliations

    • Calvary Mater Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
    • ,
  • Paul S. Gleeson

      Affiliations

    • School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
    • ,
  • David S. Lamb, FRANZCR.

      Affiliations

    • Wellington Cancer Centre, Wellington Hospital, New Zealand
    • ,
  • David Joseph, FRANZCR.

      Affiliations

    • Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
    • ,
  • Chris Atkinson, FRANZCR.

      Affiliations

    • Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
    • ,
  • John Matthews, FRANZCR.

      Affiliations

    • Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
    • ,
  • Keen-Hun Tai, FRANZCR.

      Affiliations

    • Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
    • ,
  • Nigel A. Spry, FRANZCR.

      Affiliations

    • Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
    • ,
  • David Christie, FRANZCR.

      Affiliations

    • Premion, Tugun, Queensland, Australia
    • ,
  • Sandra Turner, FRANZCR.

      Affiliations

    • Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
    • ,
  • Peter B. Greer, Ph.D.

      Affiliations

    • School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
    • ,
  • Catherine D'Este, Ph.D.

      Affiliations

    • Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
    • ,
  • Allison Steigler, BMath.

      Affiliations

    • School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia

Received 17 June 2008 ,Revised 5 August 2008 ,Accepted 13 August 2008.

References 

  1. Buyyounouski MK, Hanlon AL, Horwitz EM, et al. Biochemical failure and the temporal kinetics of prostate-specific antigen after radiation therapy with androgen deprivation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005;61:1291–1298
  2. Roach MI, Hanks G, Thames HJ, et al. Defining biochemical failure following radiotherapy with or without hormonal therapy in men with clinically localized prostate cancer: recommendations of the RTOG–ASTRO Phoenix Consensus Conference. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006;65:965–974
  3. Pickles T, Kim-Sing C, Morris WJ, et al. Evaluation of the Houston biochemical relapse definition in men treated with prolonged neoadjuvant and adjuvant androgen ablation and assessment of follow-up lead-time bias. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003;57:11–18
  4. Thames H, Kuban D, Levy L, et al. Comparison of alternative biochemical failure definitions based on clinical outcome in 4839 prostate cancer patients treated by external beam radiotherapy between 1986 and 1995. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003;57:929–943
  5. Jani AB, Al-Qamari A, Sapra B, et al. Analysis of prostate-specific antigen rebound interval in patients with prostate cancer receiving hormonal therapy and external-beam radiation therapy. Clin Prostate Cancer. 2004;3:43–48
  6. Pickles T. The British Columbia Cancer Agency Prostate Cohort Outcomes Initiative. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) bounce and other fluctuations: Which biochemical relapse definition is least prone to PSA false calls? An analysis of 2030 men treated for prostate cancer with external beam or brachytherapy with or without adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006;64:1355–1359
  7. Denham JW, Steigler A, Lamb DS, et al. Short-term androgen deprivation and radiotherapy for locally advanced prostate cancer: results from the Trans-Tasman Radiation Oncology Group 96.01 randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol. 2005;6:841–850
  8. Kaplan EL, Meier P. Non-parametric estimation from incomplete observation. J Am Stat Assoc. 1958;53:457–481
  9. Cox DR. Regression models and life tables. J R Stat Soc. 1972;34:187–220
  10. Kim YH, Choi BI, Cho WH, et al. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging of VX2 carcinomas after x-irradiation in rabbits. Invest Radiol. 2003;38:539–549
  11. Ciezki JP, Reddy A, Garcia J, et al. PSA kinetics after prostate brachytherapy: PSA bounce phenomenon and its implications for PSA doubling time. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006;64:512–517
  12. Hanlon AL, Moore DF, Hanks GE. Modeling postradiation prostate specific antigen level kinetics. Cancer. 1998;83:130–134
  13. Hanlon AL, Diratzouian H, Hanks GE. Posttreatment prostate-specific antigen nadir highly predictive of distant failure and death from prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002;53:297–303
  14. Alcantara P, Hanlon A, Buyyounouski MK, et al. Prostate-specific antigen nadir within 12 months of prostate cancer radiotherapy predicts metastasis and death. Cancer. 2007;109:41–47
  15. Horwitz EM, Levy LB, Thames HD, et al. Biochemical and clinical significance of the posttreatment prostate-specific antigen bounce for prostate cancer patients treated with external beam radiation alone: A multiinstitutional pooled analysis. Canadian Med Assoc J. 2006;107:1496–1502

 Supported by the Australian Government National Health and Medical Research Council (Project Grant Applications 9936572, 209801, 455520); Hunter Medical Research Institute (Newcastle, Australia); AstraZeneca Pty Ltd (Sydney, Australia); and Schering-Plough Pty Ltd (Sydney, Australia).

 Conflict of interest: David Lamb—support to attend meetings from AstraZeneca. David Joseph—honoraria associated with membership of AstraZeneca's Breast Cancer Medical Advisory Board. John Matthews—support to attend Australasian meetings by AstraZeneca and Schering Plough. Keen-Hun Tai—received a FROGG-AstraZeneca educational grant in 2003 and was supported by AstraZeneca to attend two Casodex Investigators Meetings in 2001 and 2004. Nigel Spry—honararia associated with AstraZeneca and Schering Plough; research funding from Schering Plough. David Christie—partial sponsorship to attend ASCO 2007 by AstraZeneca. Allison Steigler—support from AstraZeneca to attend one meeting. James Denham, Mahesh Kumar, Paul Gleeson, Chris Atkinson, Sandra Turner, Peter Greer, and Catherine D'Este have no disclosures to make.

PII: S0360-3016(08)03515-3

doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.08.047

International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics
Volume 74, Issue 2 , Pages 404-411 , 1 June 2009

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