« Previous
Next »
International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics
Volume 77, Issue 1
, Pages 180-187
, 1 May 2010
Prognostic Significance of Number of Positive Nodes: A Long-Term Study of One to Two Nodes Versus Three Nodes in Breast Cancer Patients
References
- Postmastectomy radiotherapy: Clinical practice guidelines of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. J Clin Oncol. 2001;19:1539–1569
- The 5-year results of a randomized trial of adjuvant radiation therapy after chemotherapy in breast cancer patients treated with mastectomy. J Clin Oncol. 1987;5:1546–1555
- Adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy in breast cancer. Br J Surg. 1986;73:264–266
- Adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy in node-positive premenopausal women with breast cancer. N Eng J Med. 1997;337:956–962
- Postoperative radiotherapy in high-risk premenopausal women with breast cancer who receive adjuvant chemotherapy. Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group 82b Trial. N Engl J Med. 1997;337:949–955
- Postoperative radiotherapy in high-risk postmenopausal breast-cancer patients given adjuvant tamoxifen: Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group DBCG 82c randomised trial. Lancet. 1999;353:1641–1648
- . Is the benefit of postmastectomy irradiation limited to patients with four or more positive nodes, as recommended in international consensus reports? A subgroup analysis of the DBCG 82 b&c randomized trials. Radiother Oncol. 2007;82:247–253
- Nodal ratios in node-positive breast cancer—Long-term study to clarify discrepancy of role of supraclavicular and axillary regional radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007;68:662–666
- . TNM classification of malignant tumors. 5th ed.. New York: Wiley-Liss; 1997;p. 123–130
- . One to three versus four or more positive nodes and postmastectomy radiotherapy: Time to end the debate. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:2075–2077
- . No nodal cutoff in node-positive breast cancer women treated with mastectomy. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2006;98:173–178
- The number of positive nodes and the ratio of positive to excised nodes are significant predictors of survival in women with micrometastatic node-positive breast cancer. Eur J Cancer. 2008;44:1670–1677
- . The breast. In: Cox JD editors. Moss' radiation oncology: Rationale, technique, results. 6th ed. St. Louis: Mosby-Year Book; 1994;p. 362
- The relationship between lymphatic vessel invasion, tumor size, and pathologic nodal status: Can we predict who can avoid a third field in the absence of axillary dissection?. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000;48:133–137
- Factors associated with regional nodal failure in patients with early stage breast cancer with 0–3 positive axillary nodes following tangential irradiation alone. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1999;45:1157–1166
- Frequency, sites of relapse, and outcome of regional node failures following conservative surgery and radiation for early breast cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1989;17:703–710
- . Regional nodal irradiation in the conservative treatment of breast cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1990;19:859–865
- . Long-term outcome in patients with four or more positive lymph nodes treated with conservative surgery and radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1996;35:679–685
- . Axillary lymph nodes and breast cancer: A review. Cancer. 1995;76:1491–1512
- Management of the axilla in patients with breast cancers one centimeter or smaller. Am J Clin Oncol. 1994;17:461–466
- Regional nodal management and patterns of failure following conservative surgery and radiation therapy for stage I and II breast cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1993;26:593–599
- Axillary lymph node dose with tangential breast irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005;61:358–364
- Relationship of sentinel and axillary level I-II lymph nodes to tangential fields used in breast irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2001;51:671–678
- Irradiation with standard tangential breast fields in patients treated with conservative surgery and sentinel node biopsy: Using a three-dimensional tool to evaluate the first level coverage of the axillary nodes. Br J Radiol. 2005;78:51–54
- Are the axillary lymph nodes treated by standard tangent breast fields?. J Surg Oncol. 2002;81:12–16
- Pattern of regional failure in patients with breast cancer treated by lumpectomy, breast radiation with or without chemotherapy and/or tamoxifen with no regional radiation: Results from 10 NSABP randomized trials. [Abstract] Int J Radiat Biol Phys. 2003;27S:75a
- . Postoperative irradiation in breast cancer patients with one to three positive axillary lymph nodes. Is there an impact of axillary extranodal tumor extension on locoregional and distant control?. Strahlenther Onkol. 2006;182:583–588
- . Supraclavicular nodal failure in patients with one to three positive axillary lymph nodes treated with breast conserving surgery and breast irradiation, without supraclavicular node radiation. Breast J. 2007;13:12–18
- Should adjuvant radiotherapy to the supraclavicular fossa be routinely given in patients with breast conservative treatment?. J Surg Oncol. 2007;96:144–150
- Three-dimensional internal mammary lymphoscintigraphy: Implications for radiation therapy treatment planning for breast cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1988;14:477–481
- Should internal mammary lymph nodes in breast cancer be a target for the radiation oncologist?. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000;46:805–814
- . Early stage breast cancer. In: Helperin EC, Perez CA, Brady LW editor. Perez and Brady's principles and practice of radiation oncology. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008;p. 1228–1229
- Available from: http://www.ctg.queensu.ca/NCIC CTG trial: MA-20 protocol. Accessed.
- . Carcinoma of the breast. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1975;57:59
- The pattern of lymphatic metastasis of breast cancer and its influence on the delineation of radiation fields. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005;61:874–878
- . Internal mammary nodal irradiation in conservatively-managed breast cancer patients: Is there a benefit?. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1999;44:997–1003
- Internal mammary node irradiation neither decreases distant metastases nor improves survival in stage I and II breast cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000;47:883–894
- http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/f_guidelines.asp. Accessed.
- Patterns of locoregional failure in patients with operable breast cancer treated by mastectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy with or without tamoxifen and without radiotherapy: Results from five National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project randomized clinical trials. J Clin Oncol. 2004;22:4247–4254
- Patient subsets with T1-T2, node-negative breast cancer at high locoregional recurrence risk after mastectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005;62:175–182
- Patients with T1 to T2 breast cancer with one to three positive nodes have higher local and regional recurrence risks compared with node-negative patients after breast-conserving surgery and whole-breast radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2009;73:357–364
- Locoregional failure of postmastectomy patients with 1–3 positive axillary lymph nodes without adjuvant radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002;52:980–988
Supported by a research grant awarded from the Saskatchewan Cancer Agency.
Conflict of interest: none.
PII: S0360-3016(09)00671-3
doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.04.073
© 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
« Previous
Next »
International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics
Volume 77, Issue 1
, Pages 180-187
, 1 May 2010
