International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics
Volume 78, Issue 1 , Pages 26-34 , 1 September 2010

Correlation Between Acute and Late Toxicity in 973 Prostate Cancer Patients Treated With Three-Dimensional Conformal External Beam Radiotherapy

Presented in part at the XVIII Conference of the Italian Association of Oncological Radiotherapy, Milan, Italy, November 15–18, 2008.

  • Barbara A. Jereczek-Fossa, M.D., Ph.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiotherapy, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
    • University of Milan, Milan, Italy
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests to: Barbara Alicja Jereczek-Fossa, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Radiotherapy, European Institute of Oncology, via Ripamonti 435, Milano 20141 Italia. Tel: (0039) 025-748-9037; Fax: (0039) 029-437-9227
  • ,
  • Dario Zerini, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiotherapy, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
  • ,
  • Cristiana Fodor, M.Sc.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiotherapy, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
  • ,
  • Luigi Santoro, M.Sc.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
  • ,
  • Flavia Serafini, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiotherapy, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
  • ,
  • Raffaella Cambria, M.Sc.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiotherapy, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
    • Department of Medical Physics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
  • ,
  • Andrea Vavassori, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiotherapy, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
  • ,
  • Federica Cattani, M.Sc.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medical Physics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
  • ,
  • Cristina Garibaldi, M.Sc.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medical Physics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
  • ,
  • Federica Gherardi, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiotherapy, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
    • University of Milan, Milan, Italy
  • ,
  • Annamaria Ferrari, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiotherapy, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
  • ,
  • Bernardo Rocco, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
  • ,
  • Epifanio Scardino, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
  • ,
  • Ottavio de Cobelli, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • University of Milan, Milan, Italy
    • Department of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
  • ,
  • Roberto Orecchia, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiotherapy, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy

Received 12 May 2009 ,Revised 11 July 2009 ,Accepted 16 July 2009.

References 

  1. Jereczek-Fossa BA, Orecchia R. Evidence-based radiation oncology: Definitive, adjuvant and salvage radiotherapy for non-metastatic prostate cancer. Radiother Oncol. 2007;84:197–215
  2. Jereczek-Fossa B, Jassem J, Nowak R, et al. Late complications after postoperative radiotherapy in endometrial cancer: Analysis of 317 consecutive cases with application of linear-quadratic model. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1998;41:329–338
  3. Weiss E, Hirnle P, Arnold-Bofinger H, et al. Therapeutic outcome and relation of acute and late side effects in the adjuvant radiotherapy of endometrial carcinoma stage I and II. Radiother Oncol. 1999;53:37–44
  4. Shultheiss TE, Lee WR, Hunt MA, et al. Late GI and GU complications in the treatment of prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1997;37:3–11
  5. Greco C, Mazzetta C, Cattani F, et al. Finding dose-volume constraints to reduce late rectal toxicity following 3D-conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) of prostate cancer. Radiother Oncol. 2003;69:215–222
  6. Vavassori V, Fiorino C, Rancati T, et al. Predictors for rectal and intestinal acute toxicities during prostate cancer high-dose 3D-CRT: Results of a prospective multicenter study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007;64:1401–1410
  7. Heemsbergen WD, Peeters ST, Koper PC, et al. Acute and late gastrointestinal toxicity after radiotherapy in prostate cancer patients: Consequential late damage. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006;66:3–10
  8. Liu M, Pickles T, Berthelet E, et al. Urinary incontinence in prostate cancer patients treated with external beam radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol. 2005;74:197–201
  9. Pearse M, Choo R, Danjoux C, et al. Prospective assessment of gastrointestinal and genitourinary toxicity of salvage radiotherapy for patients with prostate-specific antigen relapse or local recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2008;72:792–798
  10. Sandhu AS, Zelefsky MJ, Lee HJ, et al. Long-term urinary toxicity after 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy for prostate cancer in patients with prior history of transurethral resection. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000;48:643–647
  11. Jereczek-Fossa BA, Vavassori A, Fodor C, et al. Dose escalation for prostate cancer using 3-dimensional conformal dynamic arc technique: Analysis of 542 consecutive patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2008;71:784–794
  12. Jereczek-Fossa BA, Zerini D, Vavassori A, et al. Sooner or later? Outcome analysis of 431 prostate cancer patients treated with postoperative or salvage radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2009;74:115–125
  13. International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements . ICRU report 62: Prescribing, recording and reporting photon beam therapy (supplement to ICRU report 50). Bethesda: International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements; 1999;
  14. Cox JD, Stetz J, Pajak TF. Toxicity criteria of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1995;31:1341–1346
  15. Hosmer DW, Lemeshow S. Applied logistic regression. 2nd ed.. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 2000;
  16. Marubini E, Valsecchi MG. Analysing survival data from clinical trials and observational studies. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons; 1995;
  17. Cox DR. Regression models and life-tables (with discussion). J Royal Stat Soc. 1972;34:187–220
  18. Siegel S. Non parametric statistics: for the behavioral sciences. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1956;
  19. Wang CJ, Leung SW, Chen HC, et al. The correlation of acute toxicity and late rectal injury in radiotherapy for cervical carcinoma: Evidence suggestive of consequential late effect (CQLE). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1998;40:85–91
  20. Bourne RG, Kearsley JH, Grove WD, et al. The relationship between early and late gastrointestinal complications of radiation therapy for carcinoma of the cervix. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1983;9:1445–1450
  21. Kline JC, Buchler DA, Boone ML, et al. The relationship of reactions to complications in the radiation therapy of cancer of the cervix. Radiology. 1972;105:413–416
  22. Jereczek-Fossa BA, Jassem J, Badzio A. Relationship between acute and late normal tissue injury after postoperative radiotherapy in endometrial cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002;52:476–482
  23. Bentzen SM, Overgaard M. Relationship between early and late normal-tissue injury after postmastectomy radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol. 1991;20:159–165
  24. Maciejewski B, Skladowski K, Pilecki B, et al. Randomized clinical trial on accelerated 7 days per week fractionation in radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: Preliminary report on acute toxicity. Radiother Oncol. 1996;40:137–145
  25. Denham JW, Peters LJ, Johansen J, et al. Do acute mucosal reactions lead to consequential late reactions in patients with head and neck cancer?. Radiother Oncol. 1999;52:157–164
  26. Bernier J, Thames HD, Smith CD, et al. Tumor response, mucosal reactions and late effects after conventional and hyperfractionated radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol. 1998;47:137–143
  27. Faria SL, Souhami L, Joshua B, et al. Reporting late rectal toxicity in prostate cancer patients treated with curative radiation treatment. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2008;72:777–781
  28. Singh AK, Ménard C, Guion P, et al. Intrarectal amifostine suspension may protect against acute proctitis during radiation therapy for prostate. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006;65:1008–1013
  29. van Lin EN, Hoffmann AL, van Kollenburg P, et al. Rectal wall sparing effect of three different endorectal balloons in 3D conformal and IMRT prostate radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2005;63:565–576

 Conflict of interest: none.

PII: S0360-3016(09)02930-7

doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.1742

International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics
Volume 78, Issue 1 , Pages 26-34 , 1 September 2010